Turbulence is caused by variations in the wind speed and direction hitting the aircraft and affecting the lift over the wings. For most people, turbulence is just an inconvenience, for others it's a real fear. As you try to take a sip of your red wine, a jolt forces the glass against your chin and the contents of your glass into your lap. Just as the meal service starts, the bumps begin. A projector is fixed to the ceiling above the pilot's head and from it projects an image of the Primary Flight Display (PFD) onto a piece of glass on front of the plot's face. However, for a while now, technology has existed in military aircraft that allows pilots to continue scanning the flight parameters whilst still looking outside - it's called a Head Up Display, or HUD. During an approach, a pilot's eyes will constantly be darting between the two. Part of learning to fly a jet aircraft is mastering the ability to flick between scanning the vital flight parameters such as altitude and speed inside the flight deck and viewing the visual picture outside the aircraft. By using a special suction system, the air flowing over these surfaces remains in a smooth parallel flow for much longer, greatly reducing the drag created. The 787-9 is the first aircraft to be fitted with hybrid laminar flow control (HLFC), which is a feature of the tail-fin and the horizontal stabilizer beneath it. The holy grail for aerodynamics engineers is to create what is known as 'laminar flow', where, in this case, the air would flow perfectly parallel over the surfaces, without breaking away and causing that drag. The more power needed from the engines, the more fuel is needed. This turbulent air creates drag, slowing the aircraft down, requiring more power from the engines to drive it forwards. (Image courtesy of ) Laminar flow surfacesĪs air passes over the wings and tail of an aircraft, at some point, the smooth flow of air breaks away from the surface and becomes turbulent. The dimming window on the 787 Dreamliner. This means that the engines are not wasting airflow, making them much more fuel efficient and thus reducing carbon emissions.įor more on this, check out my previous article, how aircraft are designed to keep you comfortable at 37,000 feet. As high pressure air in the engines is not feeding the air conditioning system, all of it can be used to generate thrust. Not only does this mean that inside the cabin the air is of much better quality, it also means that there are savings to be made externally. The green flow lines show that even with one pack inoperative, there is enough air flow from the other pack to maintain a normal flow of air into the aircraft. The packs are responsible for conditioning the air to a certain temperature and humidity and then sending it toward the cabin.
Here, it is pressurized and sent to two air conditioning packs - L Pack and R Pack in the diagram below. From here, the air is fed to four electrically powered Cabin Air Compressors (CACs). Instead of taking air from the engines, fresh air is drawn in directly from outside the aircraft, forward of the engines, by two dedicated inlets. However, on the Dreamliner, things are different. This air is then used to pressurize the aircraft and keep the cabin at a comfortable temperature. As part of the engine operation, some air is 'bled' out of the high pressure compression stage and then into the air conditioning system. Most conventional aircraft types, such as the Boeing 777 and the Airbus A350, use bleed air to pressurize the cabin. With greater use of electrical systems, there is less use of the hydraulics systems, reducing weight and thus increasing fuel efficiency. In flight deck, a head-up display increases the pilots' situational awareness and specially designed surfaces on the wings make the aircraft more fuel efficient. The gust suppression system also ensures that your flight is less bumpy than most other aircraft types, helping you to rest easy.
#787 FLIGHT DECK PHOTOS WINDOWS#
In the cabin, fresher, cleaner air means that you arrive at your destination less weary from the journey and dimmable windows enable you to still see out whilst the cabin remains dark. Taking a leap into the future from its predecessors, the designers incorporated a number of new features that make the Dreamliner one of the most fuel efficient and comfortable aircraft in the skies. The Boeing 787 Dreamliner has revolutionized flying for both passengers and pilots.
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